Keywords
wise reasoning
validity
reliability
SWIS
How to Cite
Article History
Abstract
In the psychology literature, wisdom is examined through theoretical models with diverse approaches. One of these models, the Situated Wise Reasoning Model (SWIS), conceptualizes wisdom as a reasoning skill shaped by cognitive variables, while the MORE Life Experience Model defines wisdom as a skill influenced by psychological resources, including emotion regulation. The aim of this study is to adapt the Situated Wise Reasoning Scale (SWIS) into Turkish by enriching it with items from the MORE Life Experience Model and to evaluate its psychometric properties. The study involved 307 participants (47 men), mostly university students aged 18-30. The original 21-item, 5-factor SWIS pool was expanded by adding 26 items and 3 factors, creating a 47-item, 8-factor pool. The original scale structure and the expanded pool were comparatively assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and validity and reliability analyses. The original scale's analyses revealed a 23-item, 6-factor structure. In the final version, 15 items and all factors of the SWIS were retained. Additionally, the 23-item final scale was tested with a second sample of 183 university students (28 men). The findings indicated that integrating SWIS items assessing cognitive aspects of wisdom with MORE Life Experience Model items measuring emotional competencies produced a model that was more reliable and valid than the original. The study's findings provide theoretical contributions to discussions on how wisdom is perceived in Turkey.
Öz
Psikoloji literatüründe bilgelik, farklı yaklaşımlara sahip kuramsal modellerle incelenmektedir. Bu modellerden biri, bilgeliği bilişsel değişkenler üzerinden muhakeme becerisi olarak kavramsallaştıran Bilgece Muhakeme Modeli, diğeri ise bilgeliği duygu düzenlemenin de dahil olduğu psikolojik kaynakların öngördüğü bir beceri olarak tanımlayan MORE Yaşam Deneyimi Modelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bağlama Özgü Bilgece Muhakeme Ölçeğinin (BMÖ) MORE Yaşam Deneyimi Modeli maddeleriyle zenginleştirilerek Türkçe’ye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya çoğunluğu üniversite öğrencisi olan, 18-30 yaş aralığında 307 (47 erkek) katılımcı dahil edilmiştir. SWIS’in 21 maddeli ve 5 faktörlü orijinal havuzuna 26 madde ve 3 faktör eklenerek 47 maddeli, 8 faktörlü bir havuz oluşturulmuştur. Orijinal ölçek yapısı ve havuz karşılaştırmalı olarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizleriyle incelenmiştir. Orijinal ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizleri 23 maddeli, 6 faktörlü bir yapı ortaya koymuştur. Nihai ölçekte BMÖ’nün 15 maddesi ve tüm faktörleri korunmuştur. Ayrıca, 23 maddelik nihai ölçek, üniversite öğrencilerinden oluşan 183 (28 erkek) kişilik ikinci bir örneklem grubunda test edilmiştir. Bulgular, BMÖ’nün bilgeliği bilişsel yaklaşımla test eden maddeleri ile MORE Yaşam Modeli'nin duygusal becerileri ölçen maddeleri birleştiğinde, orijinal modele kıyasla daha güvenilir ve geçerli olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, Türkiye’de bilgeliğin algılanışına dair tartışmalara kuramsal çerçevede katkı sağlamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: bilgelik, bilgece muhakeme, güvenirlik, geçerlik, BMÖ
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