Keywords
mindfulness
university students
group therapy
How to Cite
Abstract
The concept of mindfulness, which has its roots in eastern culture, is defined as an extrajudicial focus only on what is happening at the present time. Nowadays, various researches and practices are carried out to increase the mindfulness skills of individuals. Psychodrama, a psychotherapy method developed by J.L. Moreno, is an approach that explores and investigates human experiences through drama. What is essential during role play is how the problem is perceived here and now. Thus, different perspectives and new ways of dealing with the problem are recognized. It is thought that psychodrama can be an effective method to increase the mindfulness levels of individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 16-session psychodrama group experience on mindfulness level of university students through quantitative and qualitative methods. The study group of the study consisted of 12 university students (10 girls, 2 boys) with an average age of 25. Quantitative data were collected with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Qualitative data were obtained from the evaluation reports written by the students and evaluated with content analysis. On the other hand, the sound recordings played as pre-test and post-test to the group members and the evaluation of the common drawing game was the psychodramatic findings of the research. Although the findings obtained from the quantitative data show that the mindfulness posttest mean scores of the group members increased compared to the pre-test scores, but this increase was not significant, the qualitative and psychodramatic findings showed that psychodrama group life was effective on emotions, relationships and awareness related to mindfulness.
References
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469-480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469
Arslan, I. (2018). Bilinçli farkındalık, depresyon düzeyleri ve algılanan stres arasındaki ilişki. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 73-86. https://doi.org/10.20493/birtop.477445
Atalay, Z. (2018). Mindfulness: Şimdi ve burada bilinçli farkındalık. Psikonet.
Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T. ve Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills. Assessment, 11(3), 191-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191104268029
Bakalım, O., Yörük, C. ve Şensoy, G. (2018). Psikodrama grubunun psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik öğrencilerinin öz-duyarlık düzeylerine etkisi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(67), 949-968. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.331543
Blatner, A. (2003). Psychodrama. Schaefer, Charles E. (Ed.), Play therapy with adults (s. 34-61). John Wiley & Sons. Canada.
Blomkvist, L. D., Rützel, T. ve Moreno, T. (2013). Psikodrama. Artı gerçeklik ve iyileştirme sanatı. Nobel Yayıncılık
Brown, K. W. ve Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822-848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
Brown, K., Ryan, R. M. ve Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfullness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutry effects, Psychological İnquiry, 18, 211-237.233-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598298
Brown, C. A. ve Jones, A. K. (2013). Psychobiological correlates of improved mental health in patients with musculoskeletal pain after a mindfulness-based pain management program. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 29(3), 233-244. https://doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0b013e31824c5d9f
Chiesa, A. ve Serretti, A. (2011). Mindfulness based cognitive therapy for psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research, 187(3), 441-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.011
Corey, G. (2000). Theory & practice of group counseling. Brooks / Cole. Thomson Learning.
Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F.,Urbanowski, F., Harrington, A., Bonus, K. ve Sheridan, J. F. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(4), 564-570.
Demir, V. (2015). Bilinçli farkındalık temelli kognitif terapi programının bireylerin depresif belirti düzeyleri üzerine etkisi. Psikoloji Çalışmaları/Studies in Psychology, 35(1), 15-26.
Dökmen, Ü. (2005). Sosyometri ve psikodrama. Sistem yayıncılık.
Gladding, S. T. (2003). Group work: A counseling specialty. Prentice Hall.
Hilton, L., Hempel, S., Ewing, B. A., Apaydin, E., Xenakis, L., Newberry, S.,Colaiaco, B., Maher, A.R., Shanman, R.M., Sorbero, A.E. ve Maglione, M. A. (2016). Mindfulness meditation for chronic pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 51(2), 199-213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9844-2
Johnson, R. B. ve Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: A research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14-26. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X033007014
Karp, M., Holmes, P.ve Tauvon, K. B. (Eds.). (2013). Psikodrama rehberi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
Kass, J. D., Mullin, E., Surrey, J., Gluck, J., Rothaus, M., Beardall, N., ... ve Avstreih, Z. A. K. (2013). Mindfulness and the arts therapies: Theory and practice. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Kabat‐Zinn, J. (2003a). Mindfulness‐based interventions in context: past, present, and future. Clinical psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 144-156. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bpg016
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003b). Mindfulness-based stress reduction. Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 8, 73- 107.
Neff, K. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032
Özyeşil, Z. (2011). Üniversite öğrencilerinin öz-anlayış düzeylerinin bilinçli farkındalık kişilik özellikleri ve bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi [Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. Selçuk Üniversitesi.
Özyeşil, Z., Arslan, C., Kesici, Ş. ve Deniz, M.E. (2011). Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği’nin Türçe’ye uyarlama çalışması, Eğitim ve Bilim, 36, 224-235
Roeser, R. W. ve Eccles, J. S. (2015). Mindfulness and compassion in human development: Introduction to the special section. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038453
Rogers, C. A. ve Kosowicz, D. (2019). Psychodrama: conception, evolution, evidence and applications. Australian Counseling Research Journal, 13, 30-35
Sibinga, E. M., Kerrigan, D., Stewart, M., Johnson, K., Magyari, T. ve Ellen, J. M. (2011). Mindfulness- based stress reduction for urban youth. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(3), 213-218. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2009.0605
Şahin, A. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinde bilinçli farkındalık ile yaşam doyumu ve iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkiler. Üsküdar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (8),151-176. https://doi.org/10.32739/uskudarsbd.5.8.61
Tang, Y. Y., Ma, Y., Wang, J., Fan, Y., Feng, S., Lu, Q., ... ve Posner, M. I. (2007). Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104, 17152-17156. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0707678104
Tang, Y. Y., Hölzel, B. K. ve Posner, M. I. (2015). The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(4), 213-225.
Uzun, R. B. (2018). Psikodrama uygulamalarının üniversite öğrencilerinde öz-şefkat düzeyine etkisi, [Yayımlanmamış psikodrama tezi]. Abdülkadir Özbek Psikodrama Enstitüsü.
Ülev, E. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinde bilinçli farkındalık düzeyi ile stresle başa çıkma tarzının depresyon, kaygı ve stres belirtileriyle ilişkisi, [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
Vreeswijk, M. V., Broersen, J. ve Schurink, G. (2019). Mindfulness ve şema Terapi. Psikonet
Walsh, R. ve Shapiro, S. L. (2006). The meeting of meditative disciplines and Western psychology: a mutually enriching dialogue. American Psychologist, 61(3), 227. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.227
Weinstein, N., Brown, K. W. ve Ryan, R. M. (2009). A multi-method examination of the effects of mindfulness on stress attribution, coping, and emotional well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(3), 374-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.008
Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2022 Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi