Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed at investigating the differences between nonclinical sample and clinical sample (OCD patients) in attachment, obsessive beliefs and emotion regulation in Turkish sample. Methods: For these purposes 224 non clinical participants and 101 clinical OCD participants completed questionnaires related to research variables. Experience in Close Relationship Scale (Fraley, Waller & Brennan, 2000) to evaluate attachment, Obsessive Belief Questionnaire to evaluate obsessive beliefs and Difficulties of Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) to evaluate emotion regulation abilities were used in this study. Results: A series of t-test for independent samples analyses were done. Findings of the analyses revealed that there was significant differences between two groups in anxiety level of attachment, but not in avoidance level. Also there were significant differences between two groups in all obsessive beliefs subscales such as responsibility and threat perception, perfectionism and need of certainty, the importance of thoughts and control. From emotional regulation perspective there were significant differences in non-acceptance of emotional response, difficulties in engaging goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties during emotional distress, limited access to emotional regulation strategies. However there was not significant differences between two groups in clarity about emotions and awareness of emotional arousal. Conclusion: To sum up according to results of this study attachment and obsessive beliefs follow the same pattern with the results in the literature. Moreover the difficulties of emotion regulation abilities thought to improve the knowledge about OCD. Because this part believed not to have enough findings in the OCD literature. The results were discussed in the light of the related literature and dependent recommendations to the area were given.
References
American Psychiatric Association-APA, (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th-TR ed). Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychiatric Association-APA, (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed). Washington, DC: Author.
Beck, A. T., Emery, G. veGreenburg, R. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias: a cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books.
Berking, M., Wupperman, P., Reichardt, A., Pejic, T., Dippel, A. ve Znoj, H. (2008). Emotion-regulation skills as a treatment target in psychotherapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 1230-1237.
Cassidy, J. (1994). Emotion regulation: Influences of attachment relationships. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 228- 283.
Clark, D. A. ve Purdon, C. (1995). The assessment of unwanted intrusive thoughts: a review and critique of the literature. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 967–976.
Doron, G. ve Kyrios, M. (2005). Obsessive compulsive disorder: A review of possible specific internal representations within a broader cognitive theory. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 415-432.
Doron, G. ve Kyrios, M. (2007). Sensitive domains of self-concept in obsessive compulsivedisorder (OCD): Further evidence for a multidimensional model of OCD. Journal of Anxiety Disorder, 21, 433-444.
Doron, G., Moulding, R., Kyrios, M., Nedeljkovic, M. ve Mikulincer, M. (2009). Adult attachment insecurities are related to obsessive compulsive phenomena. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28, 1022-1049.
Gratz, K. L. ve Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology & Behavioral Assessment, 26, 41-54.
Julien D., O'Connor K.P., Aardema F. ve Todorov C. (2006). The specificity of belief domains in obsessive compulsive symptom subtypes. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 1205-1216.
Forrester, E., Wilson, C. ve Salkovskis, P. M. (2002). The occurrence of intrusive thoughts transforms meaning in ambiguous situations: An experimental study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30, 143-152.
Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G. ve Brennan, K. A. (2000). An item response theory analysis of öz-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 350-365.
Hayes, S.C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory and thirwave of behavioral cognitive therapies. Behavior Research and Therapy, 44, 1-25.
Karamustafalıoğlu, O. ve Akpınar, A. (2006). Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk. Türkiye Klinikleri Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi Psikiyatri, 2, 30-44.
Kashdan, T. B., Zvolensky, M. S. ve McLeish, A. C. (2008). Anxiety sensitivity and affect regulatory strategies: Individual and interactive risk factors for anxiety-related symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 429−440.
Kring, A. M. ve Sloan, D. M. (2010). Emotion regulation and psychopathology. New York: The Guiltford Publications.
Malan, D. H. (1995). Individual psychotherapy and the science of psychodynamics. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
McCubbin, R. A. ve Sampson, M. J. (2006). The relationship between obsessive- compulsive symptoms and appraisals of emotional states. Anxiety Disorders, 20, 42-57.
Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L. ve Fresco, D. M. (2002). Applying an emotion regulation framework to integrative approaches to generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Science and Practice, 9, 85-90.
Mikulincer, M. ve Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, Dynamics and Change. New York: Guilford Press.
Obsessive-Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (1997). Cognitive assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 667- 681.
Obsessive-Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (2001). Development and initial validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of instrusions inventory. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39, 987-1006.
Obsessive-Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (2005). Psychometric validation of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire and the Interpretation of Intrusions Inventory: Part II. Factor analyses and testing a brief version. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 291-307.
Rachman, S. J. (1997). A cognitive theory of obsessions: elaborations. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 793-802.
Rassin, E., Diepstraten, P., Merckelbach, H. ve Muris, P. (2001). Thought-action fusion and thought suppression in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39, 757-764.
Rugancı, N. ve Gençöz, T. (2010). Psychometric properties of a Turkish version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 66, 442-455.
Shaver, P. R. ve Hazan, M. (1987). Being lonely, falling in love. Perspective from attachment theory. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 2, 105-124.
Selçuk, E., Gunaydin, G., Sumer, N. ve Uysal A. (2005). Yetişkin bağlanma boyutları için yeni bir ölçüm: Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri-II’nin Türk örnekleminde psikometrik açıdan değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 8, 1-11.
Tull, M. T. ve Gratz, K. L. (2008). Further examination of the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and depression: The mediating role of experiential avoidance and difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior when distressed. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 199-210.
Tull, M.T. ve Roemer, L. (2007). Emotion regulation difficulties associated with the experience of uncued panic attacks: Evidence of experiential avoidance, emotional nonacceptance, and decreased emotional clarity. Behavior Therapy, 38, 378-391.
Tull, M. T., Schulzinger, D., Schmidt, N. B., Zvolensky, M. J. ve Lejeuz, C. W. (2007). Development and initial examination of a brief intervention for heightened anxiety sensitivity among heroin users. Behavior Modification, 31, 220-242.
Yorulmaz, O. ve Gençöz, T. (2008). Obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk semptomların değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan istem dışı düşünceleri yorumlama envanteri, obsesif inanışlar ölçeği ve düşünceleri kontrol etme ölçeği’nin Türk örnekleminde incelenmesi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 11, 1-13.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2016 Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi
