Anahtar Kelimeler
Yüz Algısı
Süper Tanıyıcılar
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Yüzleri tanımak, insanlar için vazgeçilmez bir beceridir. Yüz tanıma süreci, yüz algısı ve yüz belleği olmak üzere iki ayrı ancak birbiriyle iş birliği yapan bilişsel mekanizmalar aracılığıyla gerçekleşir. Yüz algısı yüz içi bilgileri algılama becerisini, yüz belleği ise yüzleri hatırlama becerisini ifade eder. Son yıllarda yüz belleğinde prosopagnoziden süper-tanımaya kadar değişen bir dağılım olduğu ortaya çıkarılmış, ancak yüz algısı becerisindeki bu bireysel farklılıklar kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmemiştir. Bireysel farklılıkların keşfedilmesinden bu yana, yüz belleği ve yüz algısı bilişsel becerilerini ölçmek için normatif verileri sağlanmış testlere giderek artan bir ihtiyaç oluşmuştur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada yüz algısını ölçmeyi hedefleyen, alanyazında kullanılan testlerden daha yüksek ekolojik geçerliliğe sahip yeni bir test olan Kent Yüz Eşleştirme Testi kısa formunun (KYET-kısa form; Fysh ve Bindemann, 2018) Türkiye örneklemine uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır (N= 367; 106 E, 266 K). Güvenirlik analizleri kapsamında Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı (.59 - .62 aralığında), madde analizleri, yarıya bölme güvenirliği (Spearman-Brown katsayısı .63) ve test-tekrar test güvenirliği (rs= .561, p < .001) üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Ayrıca, yüz belleğini ölçen Cambridge Yüz Belleği Testi uzun formu (Duchaine ve Nakayama, 2004) ile ayırt edici geçerliği (rs = .188, p = .026); yüz eşleştirmeye ilişkin benzer yapıları ölçen Glasgow Yüz Eşleştirme Testi (Burton et al, 2010) ile birleştirici geçerliği araştırılmıştır (rs = .42, p < .001). Çalışmanın sonuçları, KYET’nin Türkiye’de bireylerin yüz eşleştirme yeteneklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Makalenin özgün katkısı, farklı eğitim düzeylerine sahip, çeşitli coğrafi bölgelerde yaşayan ve yüz belleği becerisi dağılımının her noktasında performans gösteren kapsamlı bir örneklemde KYET’nin Türkçe versiyonunun psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmiş olmasıdır. Anahtar kelimeler:
Kent Yüz Eşleştirme Testi, Yüz Algısı, Süper Tanıyıcılar
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