Kadına Yönelik Şiddetin Meşrulaştırılmasını Sistemi Meşrulaştırma Teorisi Temelinde Açıklama

Akbaş, G., Sakallı, N., Ceylan-Batur, S., & Doğulu, C. (2020). Namus sistemini meşrulaştırma ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi. Nesne, 8(18), 472-491. https://10.7816/nesne-08-18-08

Alhabib, S., Nur, U., & Jones, R. (2009). Domestic violence against women: Systematic review of prevalence studies. Journal of Family Violence, 25(4), 369-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-009-9298-4

Altemeyer, B. (1998). The other “Authoritarian personality”. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 47-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60382-2

Bareket, O., Kahalon, R., Shnabel, N., & Glick, P. (2018). The Madonna-whore dichotomy: Men who perceive women's nurturance and sexuality as mutually exclusive endorse patriarchy and show lower relationship satisfaction. Sex Roles, 79(9-10), 519-532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0895-7

Barnett, M. D., & Hilz, E. N. (2017). The psychology of the politics of rape: Political ideology, moral foundations, and attitudes toward rape. Violence Against Women, 24(5), 545- 564. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801217708887

Bates, E., Klement, K. R., Kaye, L. K., & Pennington, C. R. (2019). The impact of gendered stereotypes on perceptions of violence: A commentary. Sex Roles, 81, 34-43. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/rx6up

Burt, M. R. (1980). Cultural myths and supports for rape. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.217

Calogero, R. M. (2013). Objects don’t object. Psychological Science, 24(3), 312- 318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612452574

Canto, J. M., Perles, F., & San Martín, J. (2017). Culture of honour and the blaming of women in cases of rape/ La cultura del honor Y la inculpación de la mujer en casos de violación. Revista de Psicología Social, 32(1), 80-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2016.1250488

Canto, J. M., Vallejo-Martín, M., Perles, F., & San Martín, J. (2020). The influence of ideological variables in the denial of violence against women: The role of sexism and social dominance orientation in the Spanish context. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 4934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144934

Ceylan-Batur, S., Sakallı, N., & Gunaratne, S. (2021). Predictors of tolerating violence against women: Honor concerns and fundamentalist religious orientation. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02276-4

Chapleau, K. M., & Oswald, D. L. (2013). Status, threat, and stereotypes: Understanding the function of rape myth acceptance. Social Justice Research, 26(1), 18-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-013-0177-z

Chapleau, K. M., & Oswald, D. L. (2014). A system justification view of sexual violence: Legitimizing gender inequality and reduced moral outrage are connected to greater rape myth acceptance. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 15(2), 204-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2014.867573

Cheeseborough, T., Overstreet, N., & Ward, L. M. (2020). Interpersonal sexual objectification, Jezebel stereotype endorsement, and justification of intimate partner violence toward women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 44(2), 203-216. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684319896345

Çelik-Ok, M. (2019). Kadının yaşam tarzının ve cinsiyet kalıpyargılarının tecavüze uğrayan kadının suçlanması ve ahlaki öfke üzerindeki Etkisi. (Doctoral Dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi.

Connelly, K., & Heesacker, M. (2012). Why is benevolent sexism appealing? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36(4), 432-443. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684312456369

De Cristofaro, V., Pellegrini, V., Giacomantonio, M., Livi, S., & Zomeren, M. (2021). Can moral convictions against gender inequality overpower system justification effects? Examining the interaction between moral conviction and system justification. British Journal of Social Psychology, 60(4), 1279- 1302. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12451

DeVault, A. (2019). Normalizing violence against women: What motivates people to justify the gender system? (Doctoral dissertation). University of Nevada.

Driskell, L. (2008). Predictors of domestic violence myth acceptance in forensic mental health specialists. (Doctoral dissertation). Northeastern Oklahoma State University.

Edwards, K. M., Turchik, J. A., Dardis, C. M., Reynolds, N., & Gidycz, C. A. (2011). Rape myths: History, individual and institutional-level presence, and implications for change. Sex Roles, 65(11-12), 761- 773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-011-9943-2

Fasanelli, R., Galli, I., Grassia, M. G., Marino, M., Cataldo, R., Lauro, C. N., Castiello, C., Grassia, F., Arcidiacono, C., & Procentese, F. (2020). The use of partial least squares–path modelling to understand the impact of ambivalent sexism on violence-justification among adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 4991. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144991

Fenster, T. (2005). The right to the gendered city: Different formations of belonging in everyday life. Journal of Gender Studies, 14(3), 217-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589230500264109

Fortuna, D., & Gulla, B. (2020). Belief in rape myths: Determinants and consequences. Problems of Forensic Sciences, 121, 21–38.

Friesen, J. P., Laurin, K., Shepherd, S., Gaucher, D., & Kay, A. C. (2019). System justification: Experimental evidence, its contextual nature, and implications for social change. British Journal of Social Psychology, 58, 315-339. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12278

Giger, J., Gonçalves, G., & Almeida, A. S. (2016). Adaptation of the domestic violence myth acceptance scale to Portuguese and tests of its convergent, divergent, and predictive validities. Violence Against Women, 23(14), 1790-1810. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216666724

Glick, P., & Fiske, S. T. (1997). Hostile and benevolent sexism: Measuring ambivalent sexist attitudes toward women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(1), 119-135. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00104.x

Glick, P., & Fiske, S. T. (2001). An ambivalent alliance: Hostile and benevolent sexism as complementary justifications for gender inequality. American Psychologist, 56(2), 109- 118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.56.2.109

Glick, P., Fiske, S. T., Mladinic, A., Saiz, J. L., Abrams, D., Masser, B., Adetoun, B., Osagie, J. E., Akande, A., Alao, A., Annetje, B., Willemsen, T. M., Chipeta, K., Dardenne, B., Dijksterhuis, A., Wigboldus, D., Eckes, T., Six-Materna, I., Expósito, F., … López, W. L. (2000). Beyond prejudice as simple antipathy: Hostile and benevolent sexism across cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(5), 763-775. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.763

Glick, P., Sakalli-Ugurlu, N., Ferreira, M. C., & Souza, M. A. (2002). Ambivalent sexism and attitudes toward wife abuse in Turkey and Brazil. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26(4), 292- 297. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-6402.t01-1-00068

Grothues, C. A., & Marmion, S. L. (2006). Dismantling the myths about intimate violence against women. In P. K. Lundberg-Love & S. L. Marmion (Eds.), "Intimate" violence against women: When spouses, partners, or lovers attack (pp. 9–14). Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group.

Guizzo, F., Cadinu, M., Galdi, S., Maass, A., & Latrofa, M. (2017). Objecting to objectification: Women’s collective action against sexual objectification on television. Sex Roles, 77(5-6), 352- 365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0725-8

Gul, P., & Schuster, I. (2020). Judgments of marital rape as a function of honor culture, masculine reputation threat, and observer gender: A cross‐cultural comparison between Turkey, Germany, and the UK. Aggressive Behavior, 46(4), 341-353. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21893

Gupta, R. (2014, June 16). “Victim” vs “survivor”: Feminism and language. OpenDemocracy. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/victim-vs-survivor-feminism-and-language/

Hammond, M. D., Cross, E. J., & Overall, N. C. (2020). Relationship (in)security is central to the sources and outcomes of sexist attitudes. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12522

Harding, J. F., & Sibley, C. G. (2013). The palliative function of system justification: Concurrent benefits versus longer-term costs to wellbeing. Social Indicators Research, 113, 401-418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0101-1

Howard, C., Sibley, C. G., & Osborne, D. (2021). When women support the status quo: Gender moderates the relationship between openness to experience and system-justifying beliefs. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. https://doi.org/10.1177/13684302211001935

Hunnicutt, G. (2009). Varieties of patriarchy and violence against women. Violence Against Women, 15(5), 553-573. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801208331246

Jost, J. T. (2001, January). System justification theory as compliment, complement, and corrective to theories of social identification and social a dominance. (Working Paper No. 1672).

Jost, J. T., & Banaji, M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social psychology, 33, 1-27.

Jost, J. T., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2004). A decade of system justification theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo. Political Psychology, 25(6), 881-919. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-a9221.2004.00402.x

Jost, J. T., Becker, J., Osborne, D., & Badaan, V. (2017). Missing in (collective) action: Ideology, system justification, and the motivational antecedents of two types of protest behavior. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.117/7/.0963721417690336

Jost, J. T., Chaikalis-Petritsis, V., Abrams, D., Sidanius, J., Van der Toorn, J., & Bratt, C. (2011). Why men (and women) do and don’t rebel. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(2), 197- 208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211422544

Jost, J. T., Gaucher, D., & Stern, C. (2015). “The world isn’t fair”: A system justification perspective on social stratification and inequality. APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, 2, 317-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14342-012

Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003). Political conservatism as motivated social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 339-375. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.339

Jost, J. T., & Hunyady, O. (2003). The psychology of system justification and the palliative function of ideology. European Review of Social Psychology, 13(1), 111-153. https://doi.org/10.1080/10463280240000046

Jost, J. T., & Kay, A. C. (2005). Exposure to benevolent sexism and complementary gender stereotypes: Consequences for specific and diffuse forms of system justification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(3), 498-509. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.498

Jost, J. T., Ledgerwood, A., & Hardin, C. D. (2008). Shared reality, system justification, and the relational basis of ideological beliefs. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(1), 171–186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00056.x

Jost, J. T., Pelham, B. W., & Carvallo, M. R. (2002). Non-conscious forms of system justification: Implicit and behavioral preferences for higher status groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 586–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1031(02)00505-X

Jost, J. T., Pelham, B. W., Sheldon, O., & Sullivan, B. N. (2003). Social inequality and the reduction of ideological dissonance on behalf of the system: Evidence of enhanced system justification among the disadvantaged. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 13-36. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.127

Jost, J. T., & Thompson, E. P. (2000). Group-based dominance and opposition to equality as independent predictors of self-esteem, ethnocentrism, and social policy attitudes among African Americans and European Americans. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 36(3), 209- 232. https://doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1999.1403

Kay, A. C., & Friesen, J. (2011). On social stability and social change: Understanding when system justification does and does not occur. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(6), 360– 364. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411422059

Kende, A., Nyúl, B., Lantos, N. A., Hadarics, M., Petlitski, D., Kehl, J., & Shnabel, N. (2020). A needs-based support for #MeToo: Power and morality needs shape women’s and men’s support of the campaign. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00593

Kıral-Uçar, G., & Özdemir, G. (2021). Social dominance, hostile sexism and justifications: Examining attitudes towards wife abuse among Turkish men. Personality and Individual Differences, 176, 110785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110785

Kilpatrick, D. G. (2004). What is violence against women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(11), 1209- 1234. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260504269679

Lelaurain, S., Fonte, D., Graziani, P., & Monaco, G. L. (2018). French validation of the domestic violence myth acceptance scale (DVMAS). Affilia, 34(2), 237- 258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109918806273

Lerner, M. J. (1980). The belief in a just world. The Belief in a Just World, 9-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0448-5_2

Leung, A. K., & Cohen, D. (2011). Within- and between-culture variation: Individual differences and the cultural logics of honor, face, and dignity cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(3), 507-526. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022151

Lucarini, A., Suitner, C., Brown, R., Casara, B. G. S., & Knowles, E. D. (2020, May). Gender based violence toward women and sexual harassment: Ideological and socio-cognitive motives behind victim blaming [Conference Paper]. UN.I.RE.: Gender Violence is Also Cultural Issue! Proceedings from the International Graduate Conference "Cultural Actions and Practices that Honor the Implementation of The Council of Europe-Istanbul Convention, Trento.

Lys, A. E., Bargiel-Matusiewicz, K., Krasuski, T., & Studzińska, A. (2021). Psychometric properties of the Polish updated Illinois rape myth acceptance scale. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01249-3

Macket, S. E. (2015). The roots and implications of rape myths acceptance in public discourse: The Steubenville, Ohio rape case [Master’s Thesis, Smith College].

Manoussaki, K., & Hayne, A. (2019). Authoritarianism, social dominance, religiosity and ambivalent sexism as predictors of rape myth acceptance. International Journal of Gender & Women's Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.15640/ijgws.v7n1a10

Manoussaki, K., & Veitch, F. (2015). Ambivalent sexism, right wing authoritarianism and rape myth acceptance in Scotland. International Journal of Gender & Women's Studies, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.15640/ijgws.v3n1a9

Martini, M., & De Piccoli, N. (2020). Predicting bystander intention to intervene: The role of gender-specific system justification and rape myth acceptance for men and women. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00326

Mateus, K. S. (2020). Social psychology of violence against minority groups: The legitimizing role of justice perceptions [Doctoral Dissertation, Federal University of Paraiba].

Mou, Y., Cui, Y., Wang, J., Wu, Y., Li, Z., & Wu, Y. (2021). Perceiving sexual harassment and #Metoo social media campaign among Chinese female college students. Journal of Gender Studies, 31(2), 178-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2021.1884848

Mouafo, A. V. D., & Nzekaih, H. K. E. (2021). Gender system justification, gender differences and attitudes towards women’ victimization. Social Sciences, 10(2), 67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20211002.14

Napier, J. L., Suppes, A., & Bettinsoli, M. L. (2020). Denial of gender discrimination is associated with better subjective well‐being among women: A system justification account. European Journal of Social Psychology, 50(6), 1191-1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2702

Ochoa, D. P., Manalastas, E. J., Deguchi, M., & Louis, W. R. (2019). Mobilising men: Ally identities and collective action in Japan and the Philippines. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, 13, e14. https://doi.org/10.1017/prp.2018.30

Özdemir-Planalı, G., & Kıral-Uçar, G. (2021). Erkeklerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Şiddete İlişkin Örtük Çağrışımlarının Demografik Özellikler ve Adil Dünya İnancı Perspektifinden İncelenmesi. Nesne, 9(21), 572-586. https://10.7816/nesne-09-21-06

Papp, L. J., & Erchull, M. J. (2016). Objectification and system justification impact rape avoidance behaviors. Sex Roles, 76(1-2), 110-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0660-8

Peters, J. (2008). Measuring myths about domestic violence: Development and initial validation of the domestic violence myth acceptance scale. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 16(1), 1- 21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926770801917780

Policastro, C., & Payne, B. K. (2013). The blameworthy victim: Domestic violence myths and the criminalization of victimhood. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 22(4), 329- 347. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2013.775985

Powell, A., & Webster, K. (2016). Cultures of gendered violence: An integrative review of measures of attitudinal support for violence against women. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 51(1), 40-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004865816675669

Radke, H. R., Hornsey, M. J., & Barlow, F. K. (2016). Barriers to women engaging in collective action to overcome sexism. American Psychologist, 71(9), 863-874. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0040345

Richters, S. (2019). Development of ambivalent sexism in childhood. [Master’s Thesis, IUL School of Social Sciences].

Riley, C. E., & Yamawaki, N. (2018). Who is helpful? Examining the relationship between ambivalent sexism, right-wing authoritarianism, and intentions to help domestic violence victims. SAGE Open, 8(2), 215824401878189. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018781899

Rollero, C., Bergagna, E., & Tartaglia, S. (2019). What is violence? The role of sexism and social dominance orientation in recognizing violence against women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(21-22), NP11349-NP11366. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519888525

Russell, B. L., & Trigg, K. Y. (2004). Tolerance of sexual harassment: An examination of gender differences, ambivalent sexism, social dominance, and gender roles. Sex Roles, 50(7/8), 565- 573. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:sers.0000023075.32252.fd

Sakallı-Uğurlu, N. (2016). Quantitative empirical studies on women’s issues in Islamic cultures: Introduction to special issue. Sex Roles, 75(11-12), 535-542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0689-8

Sakallı-Uğurlu, N., Salman, S., & Turgut, S. (2010). Predictors of Turkish women’s and men’s attitudes toward sexual harassment: Ambivalent sexism, and ambivalence toward men. Sex Roles, 63(11-12), 871-881. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-010-9847-6

Sakallı-Uğurlu, N., Turkoglu, B., & Kuzlak, A. (2018). How are women and men perceived? Structure of gender stereotypes in contemporary Turkey. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 6(13). https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-06-13-04

Sakallı-Uğurlu, N., Yalçın, Z. S., & Glick, P. (2007). Ambivalent sexism, belief in a just world, and empathy as predictors of Turkish students’ attitudes toward rape victims. Sex Roles, 57(11-12), 889- 895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9313-2

Saunders, B. A., Scaturro, C., Guarino, C., & Kelly, E. (2016). Contending with catcalling: The role of system-justifying beliefs and ambivalent sexism in predicting women’s coping experiences with (and men’s attributions for) stranger harassment. Current Psychology, 36(2), 324- 338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9421-7

Schuler, S. R., Yount, K. M., & Lenzi, R. (2012). Justification of wife beating in rural Bangladesh: A qualitative analysis of gender differences in responses to survey questions. Violence Against Women, 18(10), 1177–1191. https://10.1177/1077801212465152

See, W. W. (2021). Differences of rape myth acceptance between genders: A systematic review. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8dns4

Serrano-Montilla, C., Lozano, L. M., Bender, M., & Padilla, J. (2020). Individual and societal risk factors of attitudes justifying intimate partner violence against women: A multilevel cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 10(12), e037993. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037993

Shepherd, L., & Evans, C. (2019). From gaze to outrage: The role of group-based anger in mediating the relationship between sexual objectification and collective action. Sex Roles, 82(5-6), 277- 292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-019-01054-8

Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Spaccatini, F., Pacilli, M. G., Giovannelli, I., Roccato, M., & Penone, G. (2019). Sexualized victims of stranger harassment and victim blaming: The moderating role of right-wing authoritarianism. Sexuality & Culture, 23(3), 811-825. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-019-09592-9

Stahl, T., Eek, D., & Kazemi, A. (2010). Rape victim blaming as system justification: The role of gender and activation of complementary stereotypes. Social Justice Research, 23(4), 239- 258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-010-0117-0

Uğur, D. (2021). Kadınlarda Yapısal Şiddet Farkındalığı ve Kolektif Eylem [Doctoral Dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi.

United Nations Women. (2010, October). Forms of violence against women. https://www.endvawnow.org/en/articles/296-forms-of-violence-against-A womenhtml#:~:text=Violence%20against%20women%20manifests%20itself %2C%20and%20emotional%2Fpsychological%20violence

Valor-Segura, I., Expósito, F., & Moya, M. (2011). Victim blaming and exoneration of the perpetrator in domestic violence: The role of beliefs in a just world and ambivalent sexism. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 14(1), 195-206. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n1.17

Van der Toorn, J., Feinberg, M., Jost, J. T., Kay, A. C., Tyler, T. R., Willer, R., & Wilmuth, C. (2015). A sense of powerlessness fosters system justification: Implications for the legitimation of authority, hierarchy, and government. Political aPsychology, 36(1), 93-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12183

Van Zomeren, M., Postmes, T., Spears, R., & Bettache, K. (2011). Can moral convictions motivate the advantaged to challenge social inequality? Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 14(5), 735- 753. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430210395637

Vargas-Salfate, S., Paez, D., Khan, S. S., Liu, J. H., & Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2018). System justification enhances well-being: A longitudinal analysis of the palliative function of system justification in 18 countries. British Journal of Social Psychology, 57(3), 567-590. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12254

Vonderhaar, R. L., & Carmody, D. C. (2014). There are no “Innocent victims”. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(10), 1615-1632. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514549196

Waltermaurer, E. (2012). Public justification of intimate partner violence. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 13(3), 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838012447699

Watts, C., & Zimmerman, C. (2002). Violence against women: Global scope and magnitude. The Lancet, 359(9313), 1232-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08221-1

Witte, T. H., Schroeder, D. A., & Lohr, J. M. (2006). Blame for intimate partner violence: An attributional analysis. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(6), 647- 667. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2006.25.6.647

World Health Organization. (2021, March). Devastatingly pervasive: 1 in 3 women globally experience violence. https://www.who.int/news/item/09-03-2021-devastatingly-pervasive-1-in-3-women-globally-experience-violence

Yamawaki, N. (2007). Rape perception and the function of ambivalent sexism and gender-role traditionality. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22(4), 406- 423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260506297210

Yamawaki, N., Ochoa-Shipp, M., Pulsipher, C., Harlos, A., & Swindler, S. (2012). Perceptions of domestic violence: The effects of domestic violence myths, victim’s relationship with her abuser, and the decision to return to her abuser. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(16), 3195- 3212. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260512441253

Yamawaki, N., Ostenson, J., & Brown, C. R. (2009). The functions of gender role traditionality, ambivalent sexism, injury, and frequency of assault on domestic violence perception. Violence Against Women, 15(9), 1126-1142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801209340758

Yeung, A. W., Kay, A. C., & Peach, J. M. (2013). Anti-feminist backlash: The role of system justification in the rejection of feminism. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 474- 484. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430213514121