Anahtar Kelimeler
Seçici Dikkat
Stroop Etkisi
Bağlam Düzeyi Uyumluluk Oranı Etkisi
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Bağlama bağlı bilişsel kontrol çalışmalarında, iki adet uzamsal bağlam oluşturulur ve bu bağlamlarda Stroop uyarıcıları farklı uyumluluk oranlarında sunulur. Örneğin ekranın üst yarısında sunulan Stroop uyarıcıları çoğunlukla uyumlu (%75 uyumlu, %25 uyumsuz) olarak sunulurken, ekranın alt yarısında sunulan Stroop uyarıcıları çoğunlukla uyumsuz (%75 uyumsuz, %25 uyumlu) olarak sunulur. Çoğunlukla uyumlu bağlamdaki Stroop etkisi, çoğunlukla uyumsuz bağlamdaki etkiye kıyasla daha büyüktür. Aradaki fark Bağlam Düzeyi Uyumluluk Oranı (BDUO) etkisi olarak adlandırılır. Kimi araştırmacılar BDUO etkisinin uyarıcı düzeyinde gerçekleşen kontrol mekanizmaları (uyarıcı düzeyi uyumluluk oranı [UDUO] etkisi) ile ilgili olduğunu iddia ederken kimileri BDUO etkisinin bağımsız bir etki olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar Stroop uyarıcılarındaki kelime ve tepki arasındaki izlerliğin ve kelime ve renk arasındaki sürenin UDUO etkisini değiştirdiğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada ise BDUO etkisinin UDUO etkisinden farklı olup olmadığını araştırmak amacıyla kelime ve renk arasındaki süre ve izlerlik değişimlemeleri kullanılarak üç adet Stroop deneyi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre UDUO etkisinin aksine kelime ve renk arasındaki süre ve izlerlik değişimlemesiyle bağlam uyarıcılarında anlamlı bir BDUO etkisi gözlemlenememiştir. Bu da BDUO etkisinin UDUO etkisinden farklı olduğu görüşünü desteklemektedir. Ayrıca UDUO etkisinden farklı olarak, BDUO etkisinin kullanılan görevin özelliklerinden etkilendiğine ve uzamsal dikkat gerektiren belli görevler dışında gözlemlenmesinin zor olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
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