Öz
Küçük çocukların yaşadıkları evlerde televizyon sıklıkla, özellikle de aile üyelerinin birlikte zaman geçirdikleri süreler boyunca açıktır. Televizyonun arka planda açık olması hem çocuk gelişimi hem de çocuk-ebeveyn etkileşimleri açısından olumsuz çıktılarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu derleme çalışmasında, arka plan televizyonun (1) farklı tanım ve ölçüm yöntemlerini, (2) çocuklu evlerdeki yaygınlığını, (3) ailenin sosyoekonomik seviyesi ile ilişkisini, (4) dikkat, öz düzenleme ve dil gelişimi gibi becerilerin gelişimiyle ilişkisini ve (5) çocuk gelişimi için önem taşıyan çocuk-ebeveyn etkileşimlerini nasıl etkilediğini inceledik. Bulgular, arka plan televizyonun bebekli ve küçük çocuklu evlerde yaygın olduğunu, ailenin eğitim düzeyi düştükçe arka plan televizyon miktarının arttığını ve televizyonun arka planda açık olma sıklığının çocukların dikkat ve öz düzenleme becerileri ve çocuk-ebeveyn etkileşimlerinin miktarı ve kalitesi ile olumsuz yönde ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Boylamsal çalışmalara ve farklı kültürlerde yürütülen çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Gelecek araştırmaların arka plan televizyon miktarını günlük yöntemiyle ölçmesi ve çocuk gelişimi ile ilgili olabilecek çeşitli değişkenleri (örn. dil girdisi, sosyoekonomik seviye) kontrol değişkeni olarak kullanması önerilmektedir.
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