Anahtar Kelimeler
Miyokard İnfarktüsü
Kalp Krizi
Olumlu Değişimler
Baş etme Stratejileri
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Yaygın olarak kalp krizi olarak da bilinen miyokard infarktüsü (Mİ) diğer koroner kalp hastalıklarıyla birlikte tüm dünyada birinci ölüm sebebi olarak kabul edilen ciddi bir hastalıktır. Aynı zamanda beklenmedik ve yaşamı tehdit edici nitelikte olması nedeniyle önemli bir travmatik yaşantıdır. Travmatik yaşantılardan sonra sadece psikolojik sıkıntılar değil travma sonrası gelişim (TSG) gibi olumlu değişimler de deneyimlenebilmektedir. TSG, travmanın ardından ortaya çıkan kişinin kendisine, başkalarına ve dünyaya dair algısında gerçekleşen olumlu değişimlerdir. Bu sistematik derleme çalışmasında da Mİ geçirmiş kişilerde TSG’yi inceleyen görgül araştırmalar bir araya getirilmiştir. Bu sayede, çok yaygın ve riskli olan bu hastalık sonrasında deneyimlenen TSG’ye dikkat çekilmesi ve TSG’yi arttırmaya yönelik psikolojik müdahalelerin odaklanması gereken noktalarla ilgili bilgilerin bir araya getirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Gözden geçirilen araştırma bulgularına genel olarak bakıldığında Mİ geçirenlerde TSG düzeyinin yüksek olduğu ve en çok yaşamın kıymetini anlama boyutunda deneyimlendiği, Mİ sonrasında yaşam felsefesinde değişim, maneviyata daha fazla önem verme gibi alanlarda TSG yaşandığı ve TSG’nin dışadönüklük başta olmak üzere kişilik özellikleri, sosyal destek, hastalık algısı ve demografik değişkenler gibi birçok farklı değişkenle ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bilişsel baş etme ve mantığa bürümenin yanında pozitif dini baş etme ve problem odaklı baş etme stratejilerinin TSG’ye katkıda bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
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