PSİKOLOJİK SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNDE DİJİTAL FENOTİPLEME KULLANIMI: FIRSATLAR, ETİK VE YASAL SORUNLAR
Cilt 9 Sayı 22 kapak
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Anahtar Kelimeler

Dijital fenotipleme
psikolojik sağlık
akıllı telefon
dijital veri
psikolojik sağlık hizmetleri

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

PSİKOLOJİK SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNDE DİJİTAL FENOTİPLEME KULLANIMI: FIRSATLAR, ETİK VE YASAL SORUNLAR. (2021). Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(22), 968-988. https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-09-22-13

Öz

Akıllı telefonların, mobil cihazların, giyilebilir teknolojinin yaygınlaşması ve çevrimiçi geçirilen sürenin artması kullanıcılardan kesintisiz veri toplamayı mümkün hale getirmiştir. Dijital platformlardaki etkileşimin artışı sağlık, ekonomi, eğlence gibi farklı sektörleri kullanıcıların bıraktığı dijital izlerden faydalanmaya yöneltmiştir. Yapay zeka teknikleriyle işlenen dijital izlerden kullanıcıların duygu durumlarına, alışkanlıklarına, kişilik özelliklerine ilişkin çıkarım ve öngörüde bulunulabilmektedir. Dijital verilerin bu bağlamda kullanımı psikolojik sağlık hizmetlerine de yeni fırsatlar sunmakta; bu yöntemle psikolojik bozukluğun seyrine ilişkin anlık veriler alınabileceği, özbildirime dayalı değerlendirme teknikleriyle elde edilemeyen verilere ulaşmayı sağlayarak bozukluğun daha incelikli ve bütüncül bir tablosunun oluşturulabileceği ifade edilmektedir. Dijital fenotipleme olarak anılan bu yeni yaklaşımın psikolojik ölçmede objektiflik sorununu iyileştirmeye katkı sunarak tanı koymada nesnelliği arttırabileceği belirtilmektedir. Bunun yanında bozuklukların tekrarlama riskini belirlemeye, psikometrik tahminlerde bulunmaya olanak sağlayacağını gösteren araştırmalar yayınlanmaktadır. İlk kez 2015 yılında Jain ve arkadaşları tarafından gündeme getirilmesinden bu yana yapılan araştırmalar, dijital fenotiplemenin psikolojik sağlık hizmetlerinde kullanımının umut verici olduğunu bildirmektedir. Bu yöntem kullanılarak, depresyon, anksiyete, şizofreni gibi bozuklukların erken dönemde saptanabileceği ve takibinin yapılabileceği belirtilmektedir. Bununla birlikte dijital fenotiplemenin kullanımına ilişkin mahremiyet, özerklik, veri güvenliği, veri gizliliği gibi etik kaygılar da gündeme gelmektedir. Bu yazıda dijital fenotipleme yöntemi hakkında bilgi verilmekte, dijital fenotiplemenin psikolojik sağlık hizmetlerinde kullanımına ilişkin fırsatlar, etik ve yasal sorunlar tartışılmakta, gelecek araştırmalara yönelik öneriler getirilmektedir.

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