Anahtar Kelimeler
çocukluk dönemi
yönetici işlevler
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Bu çalışmada, iki ve tek dilli çocukları yönetici işlev performansı bakımından karşılaştıran, son 10 yılda yayınlanmış çalışmalar derlenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda 27 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğunda iki dilli çocuklarda “kısmi” yönetici işlev avantajı (aynı çalışma içinde bazı görevlerde avantaj varken bazı görevlerde avantaj yoktur) rapor edildiği görülmüştür. Buradan hareketle, iki dilli çocuklarda yönetici işlev avantajının genel bir avantaj mı yoksa sadece belirli bir yönetici işlev görevi özelinde ortaya çıkan bir avantaj mı olduğu detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda, çocuklarda iki dillilik avantajının belirli bir yönetici işlev paradigmasına ya da yönetici işlev görevi sınıflamasına özgü olmadığı görülmüştür. Alan yazındaki tutarsız sonuçları açıklayabilmek amacıyla, iki dilli çocukların yönetici işlev becerilerini inceleyen çalışmaların sonucunu etkilediği düşünülen belirli moderatör faktörler (ikinci dilin edinim yaşı, dil yeterliği, dilin kullanım sıklığı ve kullanıldığı bağlam, azınlık olma durumu ve sosyo-ekonomik durum) değerlendirilmiş ve tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak iki dillilik avantajının, tek bir yönetici işlev görevi özelinde değil, genel yönetici işlev sistemine ilişkin olduğu, ancak iki dillilik çalışmalarında göz ardı edilen moderatör faktörler nedeniyle her zaman gösterilemediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, alan yazında daha net bulgulara ulaşılabilmesi için gelecekte iki ve tek dilli çocukları yönetici işlev performansı bakımından karşılaştıracak çalışmalara yönelik bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
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