Anahtar Kelimeler
damgalanma
psikososyal etkiler
hayat kalitesi
başa çıkma
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı tüberküloz tanısı almış olan bireylerin psiko-sosyal deneyimlerini incelemek, bu bağlamda da damgalanma ve başa çıkma süreçlerini anlamaya çalışmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında İstanbul’da tüberküloz tanısı almış ve tedavi sürecinin farklı aşamalarında olan 24 yetişkin birey ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Veriler Tematik Analiz adımlarını takip ederek ve MAXQDA yazılımı kullanarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular üç ana tema altında toplanmıştır: 1) Tüberküloz tanısı almanın psikososyal etkileri, 2) Başa çıkma, ve 3) Deneyimlerdeki olası farklılaşmayı açıklayan unsurlar. Bulgular varolan alanyazını çerçevesinde tartışılmış, araştırmanın güçlü yönleri ve sınırlılığı belirtilmiş ve gelecek çalışmalar için öneriler paylaşılmıştır. Literatürle uyumlu olarak, kişilerarası ilişkiler ve maddi konularda yaşanan sıkıntılar en belirgin sorunlar olarak, ve başkalarını enfekte etme kaygısı, insanlardan uzak durma ve açılma ile ilgili zorluklar gibi stigmayla da ilişkilenerek öne çıkmaktadır. Bekleneceği gibi, sosyal desteğin varlığı da önemli bir unsur olmaktadır. Başkalarından alınan tepkilerin sadece stigmatize edici olmayışı ve anlayış esirgeme de içerebiliyor olması Türkiye’de daha önce yapılan çalışmalarda TB tanısı almış bireylere yönelik stigmanın orta düzeyde bulunduğu saptaması ile de uygundur. Hem toplumsal stigmayı azaltıcı eğitimlerin, hem de TB tanısı almış ve hastalığı farklı deneyimleyebilen bireylere yönelik psikososyal müdahalelerin faydası olabileceğine dikkat çekilmektedir.
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