Anahtar Kelimeler
psikolojik etki
psikolojik bozukluklar
klinik psikoloji
travma sonrası stres bozukluğu
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı, COVID-19 salgınının kişiler üzerindeki psikolojik etkilerini farklı gruplarda inceleyen araştırmaları gözden geçirmektir Alan yazın incelendiğinde, salgının yetişkinlerde kaygı, korku, öfke gibi olumsuz duygusal tepkilere yol açtığı, stres düzeylerini artırdığı, kaygı bozuklukları, depresif bozukluklar, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gibi psikolojik rahatsızlıklara yatkınlıklarını artırdığı, intihar düşünceleri, uykusuzluk gibi psikolojik belirtilere sebep olduğu belirtilebilir. Çocuk ve gençlerde ise korku ve endişenin yoğun olarak deneyimlendiği, kaygı bozukluklarının arttığı, bu rahatsızlıkların önlenebilmesi için ebeveynlerinin çocuklarının bilişsel düzeylerine uygun açıklamalar yapmalarının önemli olduğu ifade edilebilir. Salgın ile sahada mücadele eden sağlık çalışanlarının ise kaygı bozuklukları, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve depresif bozukluklara ilişkin semptomlarının arttığı, uyku bozuklukları deneyimledikleri, yaşadıkları stres ve çatışmalar sebebiyle etkili problem çözme becerilerinin azaldığı belirtilebilir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, sağlık otoritelerinin ve medyanın psikolojik rahatsızlıklarla ilgili belirtilere ilişkin farkındalığın kazandırılması, psikolojik sağlığı destekleyecek etkinliklerde bulunulması, gerektiği durumlarda psikolojik destek alınmasının önemi gibi konulara da vurgu yapmasının önemli olduğu düşünülebilir. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise gelecekte ülkemizde pandemi ile ilişkili olabilecek psikolojik rahatsızlıklar ile ilgili yapılacak araştırmalara önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Bu bağlamda medyadaki travmatik içeriklere maruz kalmanın, kısıtlılıkların, belirli yaş gruplarında olmanın kişileri nasıl etkilediği, birincil ve ikincil önlem müdahalelerinin ve çeşitli psikolojik müdahalelerin etkililiği, sosyal destek mekanizmalarının pandemi sürecinde etkili kullanılma yolları gibi konularda çalışmalar yapılabileceği önerilmiştir.
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Telif Hakkı (c) 2020 Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi