Anahtar Kelimeler
Kültürleşme
Avusturya’da Türk Gençleri
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Çok kültürlü toplumlarda geleneksel olarak psikoloji çalışmaları iki bölüme ayrılmıştır: kültürleşme ve etnik ilişkiler. Berry’nin kültürleşme ve psikolojik iyi oluş modeli, alanda saygınlığı olan ve yaygın olarak kabul edilen bir modeldir. İki boyutlu kültürleşme modeli, bireylerin ve grupların özgün kimlik ve kültür karışımlarını oluşturmak için ev sahibi ve etnik kültürün çeşitli unsurları arasından seçim yapma fırsatının verilmesine dayanmaktadır.
Bulgular göçmenlerde kültürleşmenin iki boyutlu (etnik ve ev sahibi kimliği) olduğunu belirten Berry’nin iddialarını desteklemektedir. Ancak, göz önüne alınan yaşam alanlarına bağlı olarak kültürleşme süreci farklılık gösterir. Gençler her bir yaşam alanında iki kültürü de aynı derecede onaylamamaktadır. 12-15 yaşlarındaki Türk geçlerinin kültürleşme tercihleri yaşam alanına bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir.
Ortalama kültürleşme puanları açısından Türk gençleri, entegrasyonu diğer kültürleşme stratejilerine tercih etmiştir. Benlik saygısı ile kitap okuma alanı için ayrılan kültürleşme tutumu arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. İkinci anlamlı ilişki ise benlik saygısı ile çalışma alanı için marjinalleşen kültürleşme tutumu arasında tespit edilmiştir.
Abstract
Psychological research in culturally plural societies has traditionally been divided into two domains: acculturation and ethnic relations. Berry’s model of acculturation and psychological well-being is highly regarded and widely recognized as in the field. His two-dimensional model of acculturation is based upon the multicultural ideology where individuals and groups are given the opportunity to choose among various elements of ethnic and host cultures to form their own unique blends of identity and culture.
The findings support the Berry’s proposal that acculturation is two-dimensional (ethnic/cultural and host society identification) for acculturating immigrants. But the process of acculturation is different depending on the life domains being considered. Youngsters do not endorse both cultures to the same degree in all domains, which means acculturation preferences for Turkish youngsters between the ages of 12-15 are domain dependent.
In terms of average point acculturation preferences, Turkish youth endorsed integration more than any other acculturation strategies. Significant correlation was found among self-esteem and separation acculturation attitude for reading books domain. Second significant correlation was found among self-esteem and marginalization acculturation attitude for work domain.
Keywords: Immigration, Acculturation, Turkish Youth in Austria
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Telif Hakkı (c) 2015 Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi